Atomic Spin Polarization Controllability Analysis: A Novel Controllability Determination Method for Spin-Exchange Relaxation-Free Co-Magnetometers

Zhuo Wang; Sixun Liu; Ruigang Wang; Linlin Yuan; Jiong Huang; Yueyang Zhai; Sheng Zou

doi:10.1109/JAS.2021.1004383

Volume 9 Issue 4

Apr. 2022

IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica

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Article Navigation > IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica > 2022 > 9(4): 699-708

Z. Wang, S. X. Liu, R. G. Wang, L. L. Yuan, J. Huang, Y. Y. Zhai, and S. Zou, “Atomic spin polarization controllability analysis: A novel controllability determination method for spin-exchange relaxation-free co-magnetometers,” IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 699–708, Apr. 2022. doi: 10.1109/JAS.2021.1004383

Citation:

Z. Wang, S. X. Liu, R. G. Wang, L. L. Yuan, J. Huang, Y. Y. Zhai, and S. Zou, “Atomic spin polarization controllability analysis: A novel controllability determination method for spin-exchange relaxation-free co-magnetometers,” IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 699–708, Apr. 2022. doi: 10.1109/JAS.2021.1004383

Citation:

Z. Wang, S. X. Liu, R. G. Wang, L. L. Yuan, J. Huang, Y. Y. Zhai, and S. Zou, “Atomic spin polarization controllability analysis: A novel controllability determination method for spin-exchange relaxation-free co-magnetometers,” IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 699–708, Apr. 2022. doi: 10.1109/JAS.2021.1004383

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Atomic Spin Polarization Controllability Analysis: A Novel Controllability Determination Method for Spin-Exchange Relaxation-Free Co-Magnetometers

doi: 10.1109/JAS.2021.1004383

Zhuo Wang^1
,,
Sixun Liu^{2
,
,},
Ruigang Wang^2
,,
Linlin Yuan^2
,,
Jiong Huang^2
,,
Yueyang Zhai^3
,,
Sheng Zou^3
,

1.
Research Institute for Frontier Science, and also with the Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
2.
School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
3.
Research Institute of Frontier Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China

Funds: This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61673041, 62003022), and the Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Science Research Program (Y18G34)

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Author Bio:
Zhuo Wang (Member, IEEE) received the B.E. degree in automation from Beihang University in 2006, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical and computer engineering from the University of Illinois at Chicago, USA, in 2013. He was a Postdoctoral Fellow with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Canada, from 2013 to 2014. He worked as a Research Assistant Professor with the Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China, from 2014 to 2015. He is currently a Professor and a Ph.D. Instructor with the Research Institute for Frontier Science, and with the Key Laboratory of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on Quantum Sensing Technology, and with Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University. Prof. Wang’s research interests include data-based system identification, modeling, analysis, learning and control, nonlinear system adaptive control, and atomic spin ensemble system control

Sixun Liu received the B.E. degree in School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering from Beihang University in 2018. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with the School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University. His research interest includes modeling and controllability analysis of co-magnetometers operated in the spin-exchange relaxation free regime, optical probe system scheme of SERF co-magnetometers, thermal theory analysis and control technology of SERF co-magnetometer

Ruigang Wang received the B.E. degree from the Hefei University of Technology in 2018. He is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree at Beihang University. His research interests include nonlinear control, adaptive dynamic programming, and their applications in atomic ensembles

Linlin Yuan received the B.S. degree in automation from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications in 2018. She is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with the School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University. Her current research interests include optical pumping and control technology of the atomic co-magnetometer

Jiong Huang received the B.S. degree in measurement and control technology and instruments from Harbin Engineering University in 2016. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with the School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University. His current research interests include the laser power stabilization control technology and the error analysis of the atomic co-magnetometer

Yueyang Zhai is an Associate Professor in Research Institute of Frontier Science, Beihang University. He completed the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees at School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, in 2018 and 2013. His research fields include atomic molecular optics, quantum sensors, cold atom, quantum simulation. His current research interest is atomic precision measurement

Sheng Zou received the Ph.D. degree in instrument science and technology from Southeast University in 2016. Now, he has been an Associated Professor with the Research Institute for Frontier Science, Beihang University. He has authored several papers in SCI journals. His current researches focus on spin-polarized alkali-metal vapors and noble gases, especially in optically-pumped atomic spin sensors
Corresponding author: Sixun Liu, e-mail: liusixun@buaa.edu.cn
Received Date: 2021-04-18
Revised Date: 2021-06-24
Accepted Date: 2021-09-30

Available Online: 2021-10-25

Abstract

Abstract

This paper investigates the atomic spin polarization controllability of spin-exchange relaxation-free co-magnetometers (SERFCMs). This is the first work in the field of controllability analysis for the atomic spin ensembles systems, whose dynamic behaviors of spin polarization are described by the Bloch equations. Based on the Bloch equations, a state-space model of the atomic spin polarization for SERFCM is first established, which belongs to a particular class of nonlinear systems. For this class of nonlinear systems, a novel determination method for the global state controllability is proposed and proved. Then, this method is implemented in the process of controllability analysis on the atomic spin polarization of an actual SERFCM. Moreover, a theoretically feasible and reasonable solution of the control input is proposed under some physical constraints, with whose limitation of realistic conditions, the controller design can be accomplished more practically and more exactly. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate the feasibility and validation of the proposed controllability determination method.

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References(41)

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This paper is the first article of controllability analysis for systems of atomic spin ensembles, whose dynamic behaviors of spin polarization can be described by Bloch equations. Meanwhile, our conclusions have the potential to be expanded to other systems of precision measuring instruments, which are based on effects of atomic spin and dynamical evolution description by Bloch equations. Therefore, our theoretical results in this paper are not only pioneering but also of certain universality.
In this paper, for SERFCM, a nonlinear atomic spin polarization model has been derived from the Bloch equations. In this model, we concern both the variation of transverse as well as longitudinal polarization, and the notion of PSS is introduced according to the real condition. In this case, the model we establish has higher nonlinearity and more difficulty in theoretical analysis, but it is closer to SERFCM in practical engineering with more application value.
For a specific class of nonlinear systems, we propose and prove a criterion condition of global state controllability, which is the first work to analyze the atomic spin polarization controllability of SERFCM in the related research field. Meanwhile, this criterion condition can also be applied to the controllability analysis for that particular class of nonlinear systems. In addition, we propose a theoretically feasible and reasonable solution of the control input under some physical constraints, which are helpful for the controller design.

Atomic Spin Polarization Controllability Analysis: A Novel Controllability Determination Method for Spin-Exchange Relaxation-Free Co-Magnetometers

doi: 10.1109/JAS.2021.1004383

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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