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Volume 8 Issue 3
Mar.  2021

IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica

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Article Navigation >  IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica  > 2021  >  8(3): 491-511
Lion Silva, Naercio Magaia, Breno Sousa, Anna Kobusińska, António Casimiro, Constandinos X. Mavromoustakis, George Mastorakis and Victor Hugo C. de Albuquerque, "Computing Paradigms in Emerging Vehicular Environments: A Review," IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 491-511, Mar. 2021. doi: 10.1109/JAS.2021.1003862
Citation: Lion Silva, Naercio Magaia, Breno Sousa, Anna Kobusińska, António Casimiro, Constandinos X. Mavromoustakis, George Mastorakis and Victor Hugo C. de Albuquerque, "Computing Paradigms in Emerging Vehicular Environments: A Review," IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 491-511, Mar. 2021. doi: 10.1109/JAS.2021.1003862
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Computing Paradigms in Emerging Vehicular Environments: A Review

doi: 10.1109/JAS.2021.1003862
Funds:  This work was supported by FCT through the LASIGE Research Unit (UIDB/00408/2020, UIDP/00408/2020) and the Brazilian National Council for Research and Development (CNPq) (#304315/2017-6, #430274/2018-1)
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    Abstract
  • Determining how to structure vehicular network environments can be done in various ways. Here, we highlight vehicle networks’ evolution from vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) to the internet of vehicles (IoVs), listing their benefits and limitations. We also highlight the reasons in adopting wireless technologies, in particular, IEEE 802.11p and 5G vehicle-to-everything, as well as the use of paradigms able to store and analyze a vast amount of data to produce intelligence and their applications in vehicular environments. We also correlate the use of each of these paradigms with the desire to meet existing intelligent transportation systems’ requirements. The presentation of each paradigm is given from a historical and logical standpoint. In particular, vehicular fog computing improves on the deficiences of vehicular cloud computing, so both are not exclusive from the application point of view. We also emphasize some security issues that are linked to the characteristics of these paradigms and vehicular networks, showing that they complement each other and share problems and limitations. As these networks still have many opportunities to grow in both concept and application, we finally discuss concepts and technologies that we believe are beneficial. Throughout this work, we emphasize the crucial role of these concepts for the well-being of humanity.

     

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    Highlights

    • Give an overview of the intersection between computing paradigms and emerging vehicular environments.
    • Emphasize key security issues that are linked to the characteristics of each topic.
    • Highlight that both topics complement each other and share problems and limitations.
    • Present a vision and expectation of what is considered reasonable for their future materialization.

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