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Volume 7 Issue 2
Mar.  2020

IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica

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Article Navigation >  IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica  > 2020  >  7(2): 386-394
Anil K. Madhusudhanan and Xiaoxiang Na, "Effect of a Traffic Speed Based Cruise Control on an Electric Vehicle’s Performance and an Energy Consumption Model of an Electric Vehicle," IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 386-394, Mar. 2020. doi: 10.1109/JAS.2020.1003030
Citation: Anil K. Madhusudhanan and Xiaoxiang Na, "Effect of a Traffic Speed Based Cruise Control on an Electric Vehicle’s Performance and an Energy Consumption Model of an Electric Vehicle," IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 386-394, Mar. 2020. doi: 10.1109/JAS.2020.1003030
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Effect of a Traffic Speed Based Cruise Control on an Electric Vehicle’s Performance and an Energy Consumption Model of an Electric Vehicle

doi: 10.1109/JAS.2020.1003030
Funds:  This work was partly supported by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) (EP/R035199/1)
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    Abstract
  • This paper proposes a cruise control system (CCS) to improve an electric vehicle’s range, which is a significant hurdle in market penetration of electric vehicles. A typical driver or a conventional adaptive cruise control (ACC) controls an electric vehicle (EV) such that it follows a lead vehicle or drives close to the speed limit. This driving behaviour may cause the EV to cruise significantly above the average traffic speed. It may later require the EV to slow down due to the traffic ripples, wasting a part of the EV’s kinetic energy. In addition, the EV will also waste higher speed dependent dissipative energies, which are spent to overcome the aerodynamic drag force and rolling resistance. This paper proposes a CCS to address this issue. The proposed CCS controls an EV’s speed such that it prevents the vehicle from speeding significantly above the average traffic speed. In addition, it maintains a safe inter-vehicular distance from the lead vehicle. The design and simulation analysis of the proposed CCS were in a MATLAB simulation environment. The simulation environment includes an energy consumption model of an EV, which was developed using data collected from an electric bus operation in London. In the simulation analysis, the proposed system reduced the EV’s energy consumption by approximately 36.6% in urban drive cycles and 15.4% in motorway drive cycles. Finally, the experimental analysis using a Nissan e-NV200 on two urban routes showed approximately 30.8% energy savings.

     

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    Highlights

    • An EV energy consumption model using data from an electric bus operation in London.
    • A cruise control design that uses average traffic speed to improve an EV’s range.
    • A safety analysis, considering the worst-case scenario involving the lead vehicle.
    • An experimental analysis using an EV on two urban routes in Cambridge.

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