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Volume 8 Issue 1
Jan.  2021

IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica

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Article Navigation >  IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica  > 2021  >  8(1): 94-109
Yirui Wang, Shangce Gao, Mengchu Zhou and Yang Yu, "A Multi-Layered Gravitational Search Algorithm for Function Optimization and Real-World Problems," IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 94-109, Jan. 2021. doi: 10.1109/JAS.2020.1003462
Citation: Yirui Wang, Shangce Gao, Mengchu Zhou and Yang Yu, "A Multi-Layered Gravitational Search Algorithm for Function Optimization and Real-World Problems," IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 94-109, Jan. 2021. doi: 10.1109/JAS.2020.1003462
shu

A Multi-Layered Gravitational Search Algorithm for Function Optimization and Real-World Problems

doi: 10.1109/JAS.2020.1003462
Funds:  This research was partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (61872271, 61673403, 61873105, 11972115), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (22120190208), and JSPS KAKENHI (JP17K12751)
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    Abstract
  • A gravitational search algorithm (GSA) uses gravitational force among individuals to evolve population. Though GSA is an effective population-based algorithm, it exhibits low search performance and premature convergence. To ameliorate these issues, this work proposes a multi-layered GSA called MLGSA. Inspired by the two-layered structure of GSA, four layers consisting of population, iteration-best, personal-best and global-best layers are constructed. Hierarchical interactions among four layers are dynamically implemented in different search stages to greatly improve both exploration and exploitation abilities of population. Performance comparison between MLGSA and nine existing GSA variants on twenty-nine CEC2017 test functions with low, medium and high dimensions demonstrates that MLGSA is the most competitive one. It is also compared with four particle swarm optimization variants to verify its excellent performance. Moreover, the analysis of hierarchical interactions is discussed to illustrate the influence of a complete hierarchy on its performance. The relationship between its population diversity and fitness diversity is analyzed to clarify its search performance. Its computational complexity is given to show its efficiency. Finally, it is applied to twenty-two CEC2011 real-world optimization problems to show its practicality.

     

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    Highlights

    • A multi-layered gravitational search algorithm is proposed from the perspective of population structure.
    • Hierarchical interactions among four layers enhance the proposed algorithm’s exploration and exploitation abilities.
    • Population diversity and fitness diversity are discussed to understand the proposed algorithm’s search behavior.
    • The proposed algorithm is applied to function optimization and real-world problems.

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